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Convert between multiple fabric weight units: GSM, oz/yd², oz/ft², and lb/yd²
Conversion Formulas:
oz/yd² = GSM × 0.02949
GSM = oz/yd² / 0.02949
oz/ft² = GSM × 0.003277
lb/yd² = GSM × 0.001843
| Fabric Type | GSM | oz/yd² | oz/ft² |
|---|---|---|---|
| Light t-shirt | 120 | 3.54 | 0.393 |
| Standard t-shirt | 150 | 4.42 | 0.492 |
| Heavy t-shirt | 180 | 5.31 | 0.590 |
| Polo shirt | 200 | 5.90 | 0.655 |
| Light sweatshirt | 250 | 7.37 | 0.819 |
| Hoodie | 300 | 8.85 | 0.983 |
| Heavy sweatshirt | 350 | 10.32 | 1.147 |
| Canvas | 400 | 11.80 | 1.311 |
| Heavy canvas | 500 | 14.74 | 1.639 |
| Denim | 600 | 17.69 | 1.966 |
Fabric weight measures how heavy a material is per unit area. It determines the fabric's thickness, durability, warmth, drape, and appropriate uses. Lighter fabrics are better for summer clothing and linings, while heavier fabrics suit outerwear, upholstery, and winter garments.
GSM (grams per square meter) is the international standard used globally. oz/yd² is commonly used in the United States. oz/ft² is occasionally used for smaller samples or upholstery. lb/yd² is used for very heavy industrial fabrics. Choose based on your region and industry standards.
To measure fabric weight, cut a precise square (e.g., 10cm × 10cm or 1 yard × 1 yard), weigh it on a scale, then calculate the weight per standard unit area. Most manufacturers provide this specification with their fabrics.
oz/yd² measures weight per square yard (9 square feet), while oz/ft² measures per square foot. Since 1 yard = 3 feet, 1 square yard = 9 square feet, so oz/ft² = oz/yd² ÷ 9. oz/yd² is more common for apparel fabrics.
Summer clothing: 80-150 GSM (lightweight, breathable). Spring/Fall: 150-250 GSM (medium weight). Winter: 250-400+ GSM (heavyweight, warm). The ideal weight also depends on fabric type, weave, and intended use.
Not necessarily. Quality depends on fiber type, construction, and purpose. A 120 GSM premium Egyptian cotton sheet may be superior to a 200 GSM low-grade cotton sheet. Choose fabric weight based on intended use rather than assuming heavier is always better.